As the Education for All (EFA) process is progreessing, two main groups of children continue to be left out: children who do not have access to a good primary school and children who do not get to attend even when an adequate, affordable school is accessible (the hard-to-reach children). This report considers the reasons why children will work instead of going to school, proposes strategies for addressing these reasons, and makes policy recommendations for extending EFA to hard-to-reach children.